Leaf Area Index (LAI)
Laser Leaf Area Meter (CI – 202)
Laser Leaf Area meter
LAI – 2200C Plant Canopy Analyzer
LAI-2200C Plant Canopy Analyzer
Fisheye Lens (Fully Circular Hemispherical Lens)
Example of taking photograph using hemispherical lens
Biomass
Biomass is being measured at harvest or by destructive sampling method.
Crop yield
Yield of crop (flower or root or fruit) is being measured at the time of harvest for most
crops except marigold, in which there are usually seven harvest (7 times picking flower), and yield (flower) is measured for every field visit from the flowering stage.
Crop Growth and Management Activities
- On-field activities like sowing, fertilizing, irrigation, pest control and harvest has to be
noted as and when it is practiced. - Different stages of crop growth like sowing, germination, flowering and harvest should
be noted in each field visit. - Sowing: Date of sowing, quantity of seeds used, variety of seed (usually given in the
packet containing seeds), sowing depth etc. - Fertilization: Date of fertilization, frequency and quantity of fertilizer used, brand name
of the fertilizer (like DAP, Potash, Urea etc.) - Pests control: Date of pest control, frequency and quantity of pesticide used, brand name
of the pesticide. - Irrigation: Date and frequency of irrigation, depth of irrigation (in case of furrow
irrigation), bore-well details (depth, pump capacity), electricity hours etc. - Harvest: Date of harvest, type of harvest (picking or cutting), yield as recorded by the
farmer, last year’s (or previous year‟s yield of the same crop), market price of the
commodity etc. - Stages of crop growth: Date of sowing, flowering, maturity (beyond this stage there will
not be any growth in stems and leaves) and harvest. - Date of flowering implies the day when atleast 50 % of the crops in the plot is flowering.
- Sometimes interview (simple talking) with farmers is essential to know one or more of
these details, this can be done in any field visit as and when the farmer is available in his
farm.